The pace of 5G investment and adoption is accelerating. According to the GSMA Mobile Economy 2023 report, nearly $1.4 trillion will be spent on 5G CapEx, between 2023 and 2030. Radio access network (RAN) may account for over 60% of the spend. Increasingly, the CapEx spend is moving from the traditional approach with proprietary hardware, to virtualized RAN (vRAN) and Open RAN architectures��
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